Warm the skillet: Place a large, deep skillet over medium-high heat.
Add a drizzle of olive oil if using lean beef.
Brown the beef: Add the ground beef and break it up with a spatula. Season lightly with salt and pepper. Cook until browned with little pink left, about 5–6 minutes.
Spoon off excess fat if needed.
Cook the aromatics: Stir in the diced onion and cook 2–3 minutes, until softened. Add the minced garlic and cook 30 seconds, just until fragrant.
Bloom the spices: Sprinkle in chili powder, cumin, smoked paprika, and oregano. Stir for 30 seconds so the spices toast and release flavor.
Add rice and liquids: Pour in the uncooked rice, beef broth, and the undrained diced tomatoes with green chiles.
Stir well, scraping the bottom to loosen any browned bits.
Simmer: Bring to a gentle boil, then reduce heat to low. Cover and simmer 15 minutes, without lifting the lid, until the rice is tender and most liquid is absorbed.
Stir in extras: Fold in corn and black beans. If the mixture looks dry, add a splash more broth.
Taste and adjust salt and pepper.
Add cheese: Sprinkle the shredded cheese evenly over the top. Cover and cook 2–3 minutes, until melted and gooey.
Finish: Remove from heat. Squeeze fresh lime juice over the skillet and sprinkle with cilantro or green onions.
Serve: Scoop into bowls and add optional toppings like sour cream, jalapeños, avocado, or hot sauce.