Prep the vegetables. Dice the onion and poblano peppers, mince the garlic, and finely chop the jalapeño if using.
Keep everything ready by the stove so the cooking flows smoothly.
Sauté the aromatics. Heat the olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add the onion and cook until translucent, about 4–5 minutes. Stir in the garlic, poblanos, and jalapeño.
Cook another 3–4 minutes until the peppers soften slightly.
Bloom the spices. Sprinkle in the cumin, chili powder, and smoked paprika. Stir for 30–45 seconds until fragrant. This step helps the spices release their full flavor.
Add broth and tomatoes. Pour in the chicken broth and the can of diced tomatoes with their juices.
Stir and bring the mixture to a gentle boil.
Simmer with chicken and corn. Add the shredded chicken and corn. Reduce heat to medium-low and simmer for 12–15 minutes to meld the flavors. Taste and adjust salt and pepper.
Finish with cream and lime. Stir in the heavy cream (if using) and the lime juice.
Simmer another 2 minutes. If you want more brightness, add an extra splash of lime.
Serve and garnish. Ladle into bowls and top with cilantro. Add optional toppings like tortilla strips for crunch, avocado for creaminess, and cheese or a dollop of sour cream for richness.