Prep the base: Peel and cube the sweet potatoes into 1-inch pieces.
Dice the onion, mince the garlic, and grate the ginger. Zest one lime and set the zest aside for later.
Sauté the aromatics: Warm 1–2 tablespoons of oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add onion and a pinch of salt.
Cook 4–5 minutes, stirring, until softened. Add garlic and ginger; cook 30–60 seconds until fragrant.
Bloom the curry paste: Stir in the red curry paste and cook for 1–2 minutes. This helps release its oils and deepen the flavor.
Add sweet potatoes and liquid: Add the sweet potatoes, broth, and a good pinch of salt.
Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer 15–20 minutes, until the potatoes are very tender.
Blend until smooth: Turn off the heat. Stir in the coconut milk. Use an immersion blender to puree the soup until silky.
If using a countertop blender, work in batches and vent the lid to avoid steam buildup.
Season to taste: Add lime juice (start with 1 tablespoon), lime zest, and fish sauce or soy sauce if using. Taste and adjust with salt, black pepper, and a small splash of sweetness if you want more balance. For extra heat, sprinkle in red pepper flakes or stir in a bit more curry paste.
Serve and garnish: Ladle into bowls.
Top with chopped cilantro or Thai basil, peanuts, and a drizzle of coconut milk if you like. Add more lime at the table for brightness.