Warm the pot: Heat the olive oil in a large pot over medium heat.
Add onion, carrot, and celery. Cook for 6–8 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables soften and the onions look translucent.
Add aromatics: Stir in the garlic, cumin, smoked paprika, thyme, and red pepper flakes. Cook for 1 minute until fragrant.
Don’t let the garlic brown.
Combine lentils and tomatoes: Add the rinsed lentils and the crushed tomatoes. Stir well so the spices coat everything evenly.
Pour in the broth: Add the vegetable broth and bring to a gentle boil. Reduce to a simmer, cover partially, and cook.
Red lentils will soften in about 18–22 minutes; brown lentils take closer to 30–35 minutes.
Adjust texture: For a creamier soup, use an immersion blender to blend 2–3 quick pulses, or scoop out 2 cups, blend, and return to the pot. Keep some texture for the best mouthfeel.
Balance the flavors: Stir in lemon juice and, if your tomatoes are sharp, a bit of maple syrup or sugar. Season generously with salt and pepper.
Taste and adjust until it sings.
Finish and serve: Ladle into bowls. Top with chopped parsley or basil. Add a swirl of coconut milk or vegan yogurt if you like extra creaminess.
Serve with crusty bread or a simple green salad.